Firayim Minista biyu na Burtaniya sun amince da fargabar Moscow game da fadada NATO a gabashin Turai - babban dalilin yakin Ukraine - fayiloli sun nuna, in ji rahoton Mark Curtis.
Shugaban kasar Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky da Sakatare Janar na NATO Mark Rutte a ranar 2 ga watan Yuni a Vilnius na kasar Lithuania. (NATO/Flicker/CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
By Mark CurtisƘasar Burtaniya
DFayilolin Burtaniya da aka raba sun yi karin haske kan tambayar da ake ta cece-ku-ce kan wane tabbaci ne jami'an Birtaniya suka yi wa Rasha game da fadada kungiyar tsaro ta NATO zuwa gabashin Turai.
Takardun sun nuna lokacin da Firayim Minista John Major ya gaya wa Ministan Harkokin Wajen Rasha Yevgeny Primakov a watan Fabrairun 1997 cewa "idan shi na Rasha ne shi ma zai damu da yuwuwar NATO ta haura zuwa kan iyakokin Rasha."
Amma Major ya kara da cewa "NATO ba ta da niyyar yin hakan" kuma "ba ta neman yin dambe a Rasha."
Takaitaccen bayanin da Lamba 10 Downing Street [ofishin Firayim Minista] ya yi don kiran wayar da Major ya yi da Primakov ya ce: “Ba ma neman kewaye Rasha da mambobin NATO.”
Primakov a shekarar 1991. (RIA Novosti archive /Prihodko / Wikimedia Commons / CC-BY-SA 3.0, CC BY-SA 3.0)
A wata mai zuwa, Major ya rubuta wa shugaban Rasha Boris Yeltsin yana cewa: “Na san da damuwar Rasha cewa faɗaɗawar NATO na iya nufin cewa dakarun NATO za su matsa kusa da kan iyakokinku da kyau. Na fahimci fargabar da za a iya taso a Rasha.”
Sai dai ya kara da cewa:
"Amma bari in tabbatar muku cewa irin wannan fargabar ba ta da tushe."
Dalili kuwa shine
"NATO ba ta da niyyar kafa manyan runduna na al'ada ko makaman nukiliya a yankin sabbin membobin."
Major ya kuma sake tabbatar wa Yeltsin cewa NATO za ta tura "yawan adadin abubuwan more rayuwa na NATO… kamar wuraren ajiya da tsare-tsaren umarni da sarrafawa."
Fayilolin da ba a bayyana ba da aka saki zuwa National Archives da ke rufe 1996-97 suna cike da nassoshi daga jami'an Burtaniya game da "damuwa," "rashin ra'ayi," "tsorata," "ƙiyayya" da "bacin rai" game da karuwar NATO.
A lokacin, an yi la'akari da fadada NATO ga wasu ƙananan ƙasashen tsakiyar Turai, ba tsoffin jihohi a tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet ba, kamar Ukraine - wanda ya kasance wani batu mai mahimmanci ga Moscow.
Wata takarda a watan Agusta 1996 da Downing Street ta zana ta nuna sarai manufar Rasha na “ƙin ƙyale Ukraine ko ƙasashen Baltic su shiga NATO.”
'Ƙara girman NATO ko ta yaya'
Manyan a cikin Fabrairu 1993, yayin ziyarar Clinton White House. (Ofishin Hotunan Fadar White House/Wikimedia Commons/Yankin Jama'a)
Jami'an Burtaniya sun yi imanin cewa Rashawa sun yi watsi da "karɓar da hankali cewa faɗaɗa za ta ci gaba" - dangane da adawarsu da tura makaman nukiliya da na al'ada - "amma ba za su iya faɗi haka a bainar jama'a ba."
A cikin Disamba 1996, Firayim Ministan Rasha Viktor Chernomyrdin ya gaya wa Major a cikin sirri cewa: "Rasha ba za ta iya dakatar da fadada NATO ba, amma wannan zai haifar da yanayi mara kyau wanda zai iya fashewa."
Major ya ba shi tabbacin: "Ba ma son yin wani abu don tayar da hankalin Rasha."
[Duba: Tangled Taled of the NATO Expansion at Heart of Ukraine Crisis]
Fayilolin sun nuna cewa Biritaniya na da niyyar faɗaɗa NATO don haɗawa da "wasu" ƙasashen tsakiya / gabashin Turai.
Takardar manufofin da aka zana a watan Satumba na 1996 ta ce manufar Burtaniya ita ce "tabbatar da NATO zuwa Gabas" da "tabbatar da amincewar Rasha a cikin fadada…
Wani jami'in ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar Matthew Rycroft ne ya zana takardar, wanda a shekara ta 2003 zai zama sakataren sirri na tsohon Firayim Minista Tony Blair a lokacin yakin Iraki.
'Cikakken Asusun Wurin Rasha'
Yeltsin yana daga wa manema labarai a Moscow a watan Agusta 1991. (Kremlin.ru /Wikimedia Commons /CC BY 4.0)
A cikin watan Blair ya gaji Major a matsayin Firayim Minista, Mayu 1997, jakadan Biritaniya a Rasha, Andrew Wood, ya yi magana a Landan yana mai cewa: “Batun fadada NATO abu ne mai raɗaɗi tare da abubuwan cikin gida.”
Ya kara da cewa: "Kusan Rashawa sun yi gaba daya dangane da batun fadada kungiyar tsaro ta NATO a matsayin cin fuska mai wulakanci, da kuma tunanin cewa kasashen Yamma ko dai a sane ko kuma cikin rashin sani sun yi niyyar ganin haka."
Don Allah Bada Tallafi to da
spring Asusun Kora!
Koyaya, Yeltsin ya kuma isar da, a cikin wayar tarho tare da Blair a wannan watan, cewa ya fahimci cewa "babu juyawa" kan haɓakawa. Amma ya sake nanata cewa kada a sanya makaman nukiliya a cikin sabbin mambobin kungiyar ta NATO kuma bai kamata a “kore tura dakarun na yau da kullun ba.”
[Duba: Boris Yeltsin Ya Taimakawa NATO Keɓaɓɓu Duk da Matsayin Jama'a]
Wani Firayim Ministan Burtaniya ya sake ba da tabbaci ga Moscow. Wani taƙaitaccen taron da Blair ya yi da Yeltsin a watan Mayu na 1997 ya faɗi game da batun faɗaɗa ƙungiyar NATO: “Ba za mu ƙyale halaltacciyar muradun tsaro ta Rasha ta lalata a cikin wannan tsari ba.”
Ya kara da cewa "babban NATO zai haifar da karin tsaro a tsakiyar Turai. Wannan yana cikin Rasha da kuma bukatun NATO."
Blair ya shaida wa Yeltsin cewa "yana sane da ra'ayin da Rasha ta dauka game da fadada NATO" kuma "shirye-shiryen nan gaba dole ne a yi la'akari da matsayi da nauyin Rasha a Turai."
Daga baya a wannan shekarar, a watan Oktoba, Yeltsin ya sake gaya wa Blair a wata wayar tarho cewa "ya ci gaba da adawa da fadada NATO, wanda kuskure ne. Bai kamata a raba Turai ba."
A lokacin ana tattaunawa game da cikakken tsarin tsaro ga Turai, wanda ya maye gurbin tsohuwar rarrabuwar gabas da yamma da baiwa Rasha matsayi a cikin wannan tsarin. A bayyane yake, duk da haka, cewa NATO, karkashin jagorancin Amurka, ta sami damar fadada kungiyar kan shigar da Rasha cikin sabon tsarin tsaro na Turai.
A taron NATO da aka yi a Madrid a watan Yulin 1997, an gayyaci Jamhuriyar Czech, Hungary da Poland don fara tattaunawar shiga kungiyar, kuma sun shiga kungiyar ta NATO a shekarar 1999. An kuma kara samun shiga kungiyar a shekara ta 2004 lokacin da Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia da Slovenia suka shiga NATO.
Sakataren tsaron Amurka William Cohen yana ba da sanarwar manema labarai a ranar 8 ga Yuli, 1997, a Madrid, game da shawarar da NATO ta yi na gayyatar Poland, Hungary da Jamhuriyar Czech don fara tattaunawar shiga NATO. Mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro Samuel Burger a hagu, Sakatariyar Gwamnati Madeleine Albright a dama. (DoD/ RD Ward/Wikimedia Commons / Domain Jama'a)
A cikin 2017, NATO tana da Kafa manufar "gabatar da gaba" a gabashin Turai, da tura ƙungiyoyin yaƙi masu girman bataliyar a Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania da Poland. NATO ta yi iƙirarin cewa ana buƙatar hakan ne don mayar da martani ga "ayyukan ta'addancin da Rasha ta yi kan maƙwabtanta," musamman ma mamayar Crimea a 2014.
adawa da Ukraine
Fayilolin Burtaniya daga 2001 show Ministan tsaro Igor Sergeyev ya gargadi NATO cewa duk wani karin girma zai zama "babban kuskuren siyasa" da ke bukatar Moscow ta dauki "matakan da suka dace."
A shekara ta 2002, lokacin da Biritaniya ke goyon bayan sabon guguwar tsakiyar/gabashin Turai ta zama membobin NATO, gwamnatin Blair ta fito fili ta nuna adawa da Ukraine shiga cikin kungiyar, fayilolin sun nuna.
"Ba ma goyon bayan bukatar Ukraine ta shiga MAP," Ofishin Harkokin Waje ya lura a cikin 2002, yayin da yake magana game da Tsarin Ayyukan Memba na NATO, wanda ya ba da shawara ga kasashen da ke son shiga NATO.
Ko da yake Kyiv yana matsawa sosai don inganta dangantaka da NATO, Yunkurin Yukren ya kasance "wanda bai kai ba" a ra'ayin Birtaniyya tun lokacin da kasar ta yi nisa da cika sharuddan da ake sa ran masu neman buri.
Babban jami'in diflomasiyya na Burtaniya a NATO, Emyr Jones Parry, ya lura cewa Ukraine tana kan lura cewa zurfafa dangantaka da NATO na bukatar karin dimokiradiyya da sauran sauye-sauye.
Amma kuma mai matukar muhimmanci ga jami'an Birtaniyya shi ne tasirin hulda da Rasha. Dabarar Burtaniya ita ce "don nisantar da Ukraine daga duk wata shawarar zama memba sai dai a cikin dogon lokaci" saboda "mummunan tasiri kan dangantakar NATO da Rasha."
"Mambobin MAP na Ukraine zai kawo cikas ga yadda muke tafiyar da sabuwar dangantakar Nato da Rasha kuma zai haifar da damuwar Rasha game da dabarun Nato," in ji bayanin taƙaitaccen bayanin 2002 ga Firayim Minista.
Shamaki ga Rasha
Firayim Ministan Burtaniya Tony Blair da Shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin, 2000. (Kremlin.ru / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 4.0)
A lokacin, gwamnatin Labour na neman "gyara dangantaka tsakanin Rasha da Alliance," wani tsari wanda aka bayyana a matsayin "mai tarihi na gaske." Lallai Blair yana zawarcin Vladimir Putin bayan MI6 ya yi taimaka ya hau mulki a shekarar 2000.
Jami'an Burtaniya sun gamsu da ayyana goyon bayan Moscow ga Amurka bayan harin 9 ga Satumban 11 tare da neman wata sabuwar alaka.
Ko da yake jami'an Birtaniya sun yi adawa da Ukraine ta shiga NATO a wannan lokacin, wasu sun gano mahimmancin yanayin kasar.
Roger Liddle, mashawarcin Blair na musamman, ya rubuta cewa Ukraine ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin hanyar samar da iskar gas na Rasha. Amma kuma Ukraine na iya yin aiki "a matsayin babban shinge ga duk wani sake dawowar mulkin mallaka na Rasha zuwa Yamma."
A taronta na Bucharest a shekara ta 2008, NATO ta yi alkawarin cewa duka Ukraine da Georgia za su zama mambobi.
Mark Curtis shine babban darektan Declassified UK, kuma marubucin littattafai biyar da labarai da yawa kan manufofin kasashen waje na Burtaniya.
Wannan labarin ya fito daga U.K.
Ra'ayoyin da aka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin kuma suna iya ko ba za su nuna na ba Labaran Sadarwa.
Don Allah Bada Tallafi to da
spring Asusun Kora!
